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1.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 34(1): 33-40, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-985237

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To discover potentially modifiable perioperative predictors for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients with cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). Methods: A cohort of 1773 consecutive cardiac surgery patients with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) from January 2013 to December 2015 were included retrospectively. AKI was defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. The primary outcome was CSA-AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (AKI-RRT). The initiation of RRT was based on clinical judgment regarding severe volume overload, metabolic abnormality (e.g., acidosis, hyperkalemia), and oliguria. Patients with AKI-RRT were matched 1:1 with patients without AKI-RRT by a propensity score, to exclude the influence of patients' demographics, comorbidities, and baseline renal function. Multivariable regression was performed to identify the predictors in the matched sample. Results: AKI-RRT occurred in 4.4% of the entire cohort (n=78/1773), with 28.2% of in-hospital mortality (n=22/78). With the propensity score, 78 pairs of patients were matched 1:1 and the variables found to be predictors of AKI-RRT included the contrast exposure within 3 days before surgery (odds ratio [OR]=2.932), central venous pressure (CVP) >10 mmHg on intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR=1.646 per mmHg increase), and erythrocyte transfusions on the 1st day of surgery (OR=1.742 per unit increase). Conclusion: AKI-RRT is associated with high mortality. The potentially modifiable predictors found in this study require concern and interventions to prevent CSA-AKI patients from worsening prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects , Renal Replacement Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment/methods , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Time Factors , Logistic Models , Multivariate Analysis , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Hospital Mortality , Erythrocyte Transfusion/statistics & numerical data , Statistics, Nonparametric , Propensity Score , Perioperative Period , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data
2.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 17(3): eAO4399, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011997

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine whether pre-hospital statin use is associated with lower renal replacement therapy requirement and/or death during intensive care unit stay. Methods: Prospective cohort analysis. We analyzed 670 patients consecutively admitted to the intensive care unit of an academic tertiary-care hospital. Patients with ages ranging from 18 to 80 years admitted to the intensive care unit within the last 48 hours were included in the study. Results: Mean age was 66±16.1 years old, mean body mass index 26.6±4/9kg/m2 and mean abdominal circumference was of 97±22cm. The statin group comprised 18.2% of patients and had lower renal replacement therapy requirement and/or mortality (OR: 0.41; 95%CI: 0.18-0.93; p=0.03). The statin group also had lower risk of developing sepsis during intensive care unit stay (OR: 0.42; 95%CI: 0.22-0.77; p=0.006) and had a reduction in hospital length-of-stay (14.7±17.5 days versus 22.3±48 days; p=0.006). Statin therapy was associated with a protective role in critical care setting independently of confounding variables, such as gender, age, C-reactive protein, need of mechanical ventilation, use of pressor agents and presence of diabetes and/or coronary disease. Conclusion: Statin therapy prior to hospital admission was associated with lower mortality, lower renal replacement therapy requirement and sepsis rates.


RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar se o uso pré-admissão hospitalar de estatina está associado com menor necessidade de diálise e/ou óbito durante internação em unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: Análise de coorte prospectiva. Foram incluídos consecutivamente 670 pacientes admitidos na unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital acadêmico de cuidados terciários. Os pacientes incluídos deveriam ter entre 18 e 80 anos e ter sido admitidos na unidade de terapia intensiva nas últimas 48 horas. Resultados: A média da idade dos pacientes foi de 66±16,1 anos. O índice de massa corporal foi de 26,6±4/9kg/m2 e a circunferência abdominal média foi de 97±22cm. O grupo que fez uso de estatina pré-admissão hospitalar (18,2% dos pacientes) necessitou menos de terapia de substituição renal e/ou evoluiu para óbito (OR: 0,41; IC95%: 0,18-0,93; p=0,03). O grupo que fez uso de estatina também apresentou menor risco de evoluir com sepse durante a internação na unidade de terapia intensiva (OR: 0,42; IC95%: 0,22-0,77; p=0,006) e teve menor duração da hospitalização (14,7±17,5 dias versus 22,3±48 dias; p=0,006). A terapia pré-admissão hospitalar com estatina foi associada a papel protetor no cenário da terapia intensiva independentemente de variáveis confundidoras, como sexo, idade, proteína C-reativa, necessidade de ventilação mecânica, uso de vasopressores e diagnóstico de diabetes e/ou coronariopatia. Conclusão: A terapia com estatina antes da admissão hospitalar foi associada a menor mortalidade, menor necessidade de terapia de substituição renal e taxa de ocorrência de sepse.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Triglycerides/blood , Cholesterol/blood , Renal Replacement Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Cholesterol, HDL/drug effects , Cholesterol, LDL/drug effects , Reference Values , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , ROC Curve , Treatment Outcome , Renal Replacement Therapy/mortality , APACHE , Creatinine/blood , Critical Care/methods , Acute Kidney Injury/mortality , Intensive Care Units , Length of Stay , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood
3.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 30(3): 264-285, jul.-set. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-977976

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade instalada de terapêutica substitutiva da função renal e práticas locais na abordagem da lesão renal aguda em centros participantes do estudo BaSICS. Métodos: Um questionário foi enviado aos coordenadores de 61 unidades de terapia intensiva participantes de um ensaio clínico randomizado brasileiro. Um total de 124 médicos respondeu ao questionário. Resultados: No momento do questionário, 15% dos pacientes nas unidades de terapia intensiva participantes encontravam-se em terapêutica substitutiva da função renal. Todas as unidades de terapia intensiva dispunham de, pelo menos, um método de terapêutica substitutiva da função renal. Métodos contínuos estavam mais disponíveis em unidades privadas do que nas públicas. O tempo entre indicação do método e início da terapia foi maior em unidades de terapia intensiva públicas do que nas privadas. Os principais obstáculos para início do método em unidades de terapia intensiva públicas incluíam disponibilidade de maquinário e pessoal, enquanto que o principal gargalo em unidades de terapia intensiva privadas foi a avaliação do nefrologista. Parte importante dos médicos avaliados mudaria sua prática de manuseio de terapêutica substitutiva da função renal caso não houvesse limitação de métodos de terapêutica substitutiva da função renal em suas unidades. Conclusão: Existe ampla variedade na disponibilidade de recursos para terapêutica substitutiva da função renal e nas práticas de manuseio da lesão renal aguda em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras. Estas informações devem ser levadas em conta ao planejarem-se ensaios clínicos sobre o assunto no contexto brasileiro.


ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the existing capacity for renal replacement therapy and site-specific practices for managing acute kidney injury at centers participating in the BaSICS trial. Methods: A questionnaire was provided to the chairs of 61 intensive care units enrolled in a randomized clinical trial in Brazil. A total of 124 physicians completed the questionnaire. Results: Approximately 15% of the patients admitted to the analyzed intensive care units received renal replacement therapy at the time of data collection. At least one renal replacement method was available in all of the analyzed units. Continuous methods were available more frequently at the private units than at the public units. The time from indication to onset of treatment was longer at the public units than at private units. The main obstacles to treatment initiation at public intensive care units were related to the availability of equipment and personnel, while the main bottleneck at private units was the nephrologist assessment. A considerable proportion of the participants stated that they would change their approach to renal replacement therapy if there were no limitations on the availability of methods in their units. Conclusion: There was wide variation in the availability of resources for renal replacement therapy and in the management of acute kidney injury in Brazilian intensive care units. This information should be taken into account when planning clinical trials focused on this topic in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Renal Replacement Therapy/methods , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Intensive Care Units/organization & administration , Time Factors , Brazil , Renal Replacement Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Health Care Surveys , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data
4.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 29(3): 303-309, jul.-set. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-899517

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Estabelecer se há superioridade entre os critérios para predizer desfecho clínico desfavorável na lesão renal aguda e nefropatia induzidas por contraste. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo conduzido em hospital terciário com 157 pacientes submetidos à infusão de contraste radiológico para fins propedêuticos. Resultados: Cumpriram os critérios para inclusão 147 pacientes. Aqueles que cumpriram os critérios de lesão renal aguda induzida por contraste (59) também cumpriram os critérios para nefropatia induzida por contraste (76); 44,3% dos pacientes cumpriram os critérios para o estadiamento pelo sistema KDIGO; 6,4% dos pacientes necessitaram utilizar terapia de substituição renal, e 10,7% dos pacientes morreram. Conclusão: O diagnóstico de nefropatia induzida por contraste foi o critério mais sensível para determinar a necessidade de terapia de substituição renal e óbito, enquanto o KDIGO demonstrou a maior especificidade; na população avaliada, não houve correlação entre o volume de contraste e a progressão para lesão renal induzida por contraste, nefropatia induzida por contraste, diálise de suporte ou óbito.


ABSTRACT Objective: To establish whether there is superiority between contrast-induced acute kidney injury and contrast-induced nephropathy criteria as predictors of unfavorable clinical outcomes. Methods: Retrospective study carried out in a tertiary hospital with 157 patients undergoing radiocontrast infusion for propaedeutic purposes. Results: One hundred forty patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria: patients who met the criteria for contrast-induced acute kidney injury (59) also met the criteria for contrast-induced nephropathy (76), 44.3% met the criteria for KDIGO staging, 6.4% of the patients required renal replacement therapy, and 10.7% died. Conclusion: The diagnosis of contrast-induced nephropathy was the most sensitive criterion for renal replacement therapy and death, whereas KDIGO showed the highest specificity; there was no correlation between contrast volume and progression to contrast-induced acute kidney injury, contrast-induced nephropathy, support dialysis or death in the assessed population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Renal Replacement Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Contrast Media/adverse effects , Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis , Intensive Care Units , Prognosis , Severity of Illness Index , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Disease Progression , Contrast Media/administration & dosage , Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced , Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Kidney Diseases/diagnosis , Kidney Diseases/chemically induced , Kidney Diseases/epidemiology , Middle Aged
6.
Colomb. med ; 46(3): 90-103, July-Sept. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-765508

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy is one of the main causes of acute kidney injury and increased hospital-acquired morbidity and mortality. The use of sodium bicarbonate for nephroprotection has emerged as a preventative strategy; however, its efficacy is controversial compared to other strategies, such as hydration using 0.9% saline solution. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate vs. hydration using 0.9% saline solution to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Methods: A systematic review of studies registered in the COCHRANE, PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS, SCIELO and EMBASE databases was conducted. Randomized controlled studies that evaluated the use of 0.9% saline solution vs. sodium bicarbonate to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy were included. Results: A total of 22 studies (5,686 patients) were included. Sodium bicarbonate did not decrease the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (RD= 0.00; 95% CI= -0.02 to 0.03; p= 0.83; I²= 0%). No significant differences were found in the demand for renal replacement therapy (RD= 0.00; 95% CI= -0.01 to 0-01; I²= 0%; p= 0.99) or in mortality (RD= -0.00; 95% CI= -0.001 to 0.001; I²= 0%; p= 0.51). Conclusions: Sodium bicarbonate administration is not superior to the use of 0.9% saline solution for preventing contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with risk factors, nor is it better at reducing mortality or the need for renal replacement therapy.


Introducción: La nefropatía inducida por medio de contraste es una de las causas principales de lesión renal aguda, lo cual incrementa la morbilidad y mortalidad intrahospitalaria. La nefroprotección con bicarbonato de sodio ha surgido como una estrategia preventiva, sin embargo su eficacia es controversial cuando se compara con estrategias como la hidratación con solución salina al 0.9%. Objetivo: Comparar la efectividad del bicarbonato de sodio versus la hidratación con solución salina al 0.9% en la prevención de la lesión renal aguda inducida por contraste. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los estudios registrados en COCHRANE, PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS, SCIELO y EMBASE. Se incluyeron estudios aleatorizados, controlados donde se evaluó el uso de solución salina al 0.9% versus bicarbonato de sodio para prevenir la nefropatía por medio de contraste. Resultados: Se incluyeron 22 estudios (5,686 pacientes). El bicarbonato de sodio no disminuyó el riesgo de nefropatía inducida por contraste (DR= 0.00 IC 95%= -0.02-0.03; p= 0.83, I2=0%). Tampoco se encontró diferencia significativa en la necesidad de terapia de reemplazo renal (DR= 0.00 IC 95%= -0.01-0-01, I2= 0%, p= 0.99); ni en la mortalidad (DR= -0.00, IC 95%= -0.001-0.001, I2= 0%, p= 0.51). Conclusiones: La administración de bicarbonato de sodio no es superior al suministro de solución salina al 0.9% en la prevención de nefropatía inducida por medio de contraste en pacientes con factores de riesgo. Su uso tampoco es superior en la reducción de mortalidad y el requerimiento de terapia de reemplazo renal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Kidney Injury/prevention & control , Contrast Media/adverse effects , Sodium Bicarbonate/administration & dosage , Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage , Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced , Contrast Media/administration & dosage , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Risk Factors , Renal Replacement Therapy/statistics & numerical data
8.
Esc. Anna Nery Rev. Enferm ; 17(2): 322-327, abr.-jun. 2013. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-684978

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar a tendência temporal do custo total de terapia de substituição renal e a proporção entre custo e solicitações de Autorizações de Procedimentos Ambulatoriais de Alta Complexidade/Custo no município do Rio de Janeiro, entre 1995 e 2009, em totais e segundo prestador. Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, tipo série temporal. Utilizaram-se informações referentes aos valores e quantidades de autorizações de procedimentos de alta complexidade para terapia de substituição renal por ano, disponíveis no DATASUS, coletadas entre fevereiro e março de 2011. Observou-se tendência crescente para o custo total e o total de autorizações destes procedimentos (y=3,8414x + 16,904, R2=0,9665 e y=14519x + 299719, R2=0,8835, respectivamente). Há uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (p<0,001) da variação da tendência quando comparados os serviços públicos e os privados. Conclui-se que há uma tendência em programar cada vez mais serviços nos hospitais públicos, tornando crescente a demanda por profissionais qualificados para atuação na área.


Subject(s)
Health Planning/economics , Health Planning/statistics & numerical data , Renal Replacement Therapy/economics , Renal Replacement Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Renal Replacement Therapy/history
9.
Cir. & cir ; 77(5): 411-415, sept.-oct. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-566464

ABSTRACT

Los tratamientos sustitutivos de diálisis crónica o trasplante renal se inician cuando la filtración glomerular del paciente medida por la depuración de creatinina endógena en la orina de 24 horas es inferior a 15 o 10 ml/mm y cuando se presentan complicaciones. A los enfermos con indicaciones de trasplante se les debe buscar un donador vivo seleccionado o inscribirlos en la lista de espera nacional de donación cadavérica si no existen contraindicaciones. Aun cuando no hay un registro nacional mexicano de pacientes en diálisis crónica, solo datos indirectos de la Fundación Mexicana del Riñón y de la industria de diálisis, se estima que de 40 mil a 50 mil son sujetos a este tratamiento y que anualmente la cifra se incrementa 11 %. En términos generales se considera que por cada enfermo en diálisis crónica hay otro que fallece sin acceso al tratamiento. Las unidades de hemodiálisis deben cumplir con la norma oficialmexicana de hemodiálisis y la cédula de evaluación de la calidad de las unidades de hemodiálisis del Consejo de Salubridad General. Es aconsejable que los pacientes sean incorporados a diálisis crónica después de ser presentados al comité de diálisis, y que el tratamiento se aplique con la aceptación del enfermo o sus familiares y se registre en el censo nominal.


Chronic dialysis replacement treatments or renal transplants are instituted when the patient's glomerular filtration rate, measured by 24-h urine endogenous creatinine clearance, is <10-15 ml/mm and, as the The National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF KDOQI), European and Canadian guidelines point out, when one or two of the following complications occur: "uremic toxicity" symptoms, significant fluid retention that does not respond to loop diuretics, hyperkalemia, chronic anemia (hemoglobin <8 g), metabolic acidosis or acute pulmonary edema. In all patients for whom transplant is indicated, a selected live donor must be sought or, in the absence of contraindications, the patient should be registered with the national cadaver donation waiting list. While waiting for the transplant, patients will be on a chronic dialysis program. There is no national registry of patients undergoing chronic dialysis; only indirect data from the Mexican Kidney Foundation and the dialysis industry are available. However, it is estimated that 40,000-50,000 people are under this treatment and the numbers grow by 11% every year. Overall, it is thought that for every patient receiving chronic dialysis, there is one more patient who dies without access to therapy. Hemodialysis units must comply with the Official Hemodialysis Standard and the General Health Council Hemodialysis Unit Quality Assessment Form.


Subject(s)
Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Renal Replacement Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Cause of Death , Diagnosis-Related Groups , Peritoneal Dialysis/standards , Peritoneal Dialysis/statistics & numerical data , Renal Dialysis/standards , Renal Dialysis/statistics & numerical data , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Kidney Failure, Chronic/surgery , Health Services Needs and Demand , Hospital Mortality , Hospitals, Urban/statistics & numerical data , Mexico , Diabetic Nephropathies/complications , Records , Registries/statistics & numerical data , Kidney Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Uremia/etiology , Uremia/therapy , Waiting Lists
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